{"id":3053,"date":"2011-02-16T19:40:20","date_gmt":"2011-02-16T18:40:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/?p=3053"},"modified":"2011-02-16T19:42:42","modified_gmt":"2011-02-16T18:42:42","slug":"hillary-clinton-zu-agypten-internetfreiheit-und-wikileaks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/hillary-clinton-zu-agypten-internetfreiheit-und-wikileaks\/","title":{"rendered":"Hillary Clinton zu \u00c4gypten, Internetfreiheit und WikiLeaks"},"content":{"rendered":"

US-Au\u00dfenministerin Hillary Clinton hat gestern in einer\u00a0Rede<\/a> an der George Washington University die Staaten der Welt dazu aufgefordert, die Freiheit im Netz zu respektieren. Sie nahm positiv Bezug auf die Rolle von Netzaktivisten bei den j\u00fcngsten Protesten in der arabischen Welt und verurteilte die staatlich angeordnete Abschaltung des Internet in \u00c4gypten. Ihr Pl\u00e4doyer f\u00fcr freien Meinungsaustausch wollte sie allerdings nicht in Sachen WikiLeaks gelten lassen. Neben Transparenz m\u00fcsse es auch Vertraulichkeit geben. Ohne eine Geheimhaltung von Kommunikation k\u00f6nne die US-Regierung nicht global f\u00fcr Menschenrechte und Demokratie eintreten. Die von WikiLeaks ver\u00f6ffentlichten Cables basierten auf einer Diebstahlshandlung und berichteten \u2013 diese zugleich gef\u00e4hrdend \u2013 gro\u00dfteils von solcher Menschenrechtsarbeit. So weit Hillary Clinton.<\/p>\n

Nun haben die USA jahrzehntelang Mubarak und das Milit\u00e4rsystem finanziell und materiell unterst\u00fctzt. Wie dies in Details aussah, dar\u00fcber informieren \u2013 Ironie der Geschichte \u2013 drei der von WikiLeaks ver\u00f6ffentlichten Cables der US-Botschaft in Kairo (I<\/a>, II<\/a>,\u00a0III<\/a>). Sie stammen aus dem Januar und Februar 2010 und verdanken ihre Existenz dem\u00a0Leahy Amendment<\/a>, nach dem ausl\u00e4ndisches Regierungspersonal bei Teilhabe an Unterst\u00fctzungsma\u00dfnahmen auf Menschenrechtskompatibilit\u00e4t zu beurteilen ist.<\/p>\n

Konkret geht es um \u00dcbungs- und Schulungseinheiten f\u00fcr \u00e4gyptische Milit\u00e4rs, darunter auch Angeh\u00f6rige des Information System Department<\/em> und der State Security<\/em>. Letztere nahmen an Kursen wie \u201eFBI National Academy retrainer\u201d, \u201eData Based Decision Making\u201d und nicht n\u00e4her spezifizierten Unterrichtseinheiten des Basingstoke College Of Technology (BCOT<\/em>) teil. Die US-Botschaft in Kairo hatte f\u00fcr die Teilnehmer jeweils en gros die Unbedenklichkeitserkl\u00e4rung abgegeben, sie seien nicht in schwerwiegende (!) Menschenrechtsverst\u00f6\u00dfe <\/em>(\u201egross human rights violations\u201d) involviert.<\/p>\n

Den Cables ist nicht zu entnehmen, welche F\u00e4higkeiten das \u00e4gyptische Milit\u00e4rpersonal genau erlernte. Vor dem Hintergrund der tragenden Rolle des \u00e4gyptischen Geheimdienstes bei Abschaltung des Internet, von der Wired<\/a> j\u00fcngst unter Berufung auf eine Untersuchung von Bill Woodcock berichtete, stellt sich aber doch die Frage, inwieweit nicht auch US-amerikanisches Know how direkt oder indirekt zum Blockieren von Twitter, Facebook, dem Domain Name System und zum Versenden von Astroturfing-SMS pro Mubarak beitrug.<\/p>\n

Nachstehend die von Bill Woodcock<\/a>, Forschungsdirektor von Packet Clearing House, erstellte und von Wired wiedergegebene Zeitschiene der Eingriffe durch die Staatssicherheit:<\/p>\n

Tuesday, January 25:<\/strong>
\nAmn El Dawla, the State Security Intelligence Service, orders the blocking of Twitter, which was largely accomplished.<\/p>\n

Wednesday, January 26:<\/strong>
\nThe State Security Intelligence Service orders the blocking of Facebook, and DNS is blocked but this is not completely effective.<\/p>\n

This was the second time they had tried to have Facebook blocked, but the previous attempt had been successfully countered by the communications ministry.<\/p>\n

Arrests of people posting to the El Shaheeed and Yom Elsawra 25 January groups on Facebook begin.<\/p>\n

Friday, January 28:<\/strong>
\n12:28am \u2013 Breakers thrown in international transport and national IXP section of Ramses exchange, 3500 pre\ufb01xes and 50 Egyptian ASNs drop to 300 pre\ufb01xes and 25 ASNs. All of the large ISPs are of\ufb02ine: TEData, Link.net, Raya Telecom (owned by Vodafone), and Nile Online and EgyNet (both owned by Etisalat).
\nMorning \u2013 Further ISPs of\ufb02ine, down to about 240 pre\ufb01xes, and the intelligence service orders mobile operators to suspend voice service in some areas.<\/p>\n

Wael Ghonim, a Google employee who was running the El Shaheeed Facebook group, is arrested.<\/p>\n

Saturday, January 29<\/strong> Morning \u2013 Mobile operators allowed to resume voice service and international SMS, but domestic SMS remains shut down and under the control of the intelligence service.<\/p>\n

Omar Suleiman is appointed vice president after having been denied that of\ufb01ce several years ago. Suleiman had run the Mukhabarat, the General Intelligence Service, since 1993 and Egypt\u02bcs military intelligence service before that. He\u02bcs most generally recognized in the rest of the world as the coordinator of the extraordinary rendition program.<\/p>\n

Sunday, January 30<\/strong>
\nThe intelligence service begins astrotur\ufb01ng SMSes on Vodafone\u02bcs network, over Vodafone\u02bcs objection: \u201chonest and loyal men: confront the traitors and criminals and protect our people and honor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Monday, January 31<\/strong>
\nTarek Kamel recon\ufb01rmed as Communications Minister, while several of his cabinet colleagues are replaced with intelligence service generals.<\/p>\n

The intelligence service continues to hunt down other ISPs, taking down Noor, whose customers include the stock exchange, major banks, the national airline, and government agencies. Only 12 ASNs and 130 pre\ufb01xes remain.<\/p>\n

Tuesday, February 1<\/strong>
\nMorning \u2013 Tarek Kamel announces that Internet service will be restored \u201csoon.\u201d In a separate television interview, prime minister Ahmed Sha\ufb01q is asked when and replies \u201cwithin 24 hours.\u201d
\nThe intelligence service continues to shut down remaining ISPs, and continues astrotur\ufb01ng SMSes:
\n\u201cEgypt\u2019s youth: Beware rumors and listen to the voice of reason. Egypt is above all so preserve it.\u201d<\/p>\n

Wednesday, February 2<\/strong>
\nNoon \u2013 Internet service resumed, routing converges over the course of an hour.<\/p>\n

The intelligence service continues astrotur\ufb01ng SMSes:
\n\u201cTo each mother-father-sister-brother, to every honest citizen: Preserve this country because the
\nhomeland stays forever.\u201d
\n\u201cA sweeping demonstration starting at noon on Wednesday from the Mustafa Mahmoud square in Mohandessin to support president Mubarak.\u201d<\/p>\n

Thursday, February 3<\/strong>
\nOECD estimates the outage cost the Egyptian telecom sector a minimum of $90M.
\nForbes ups that estimate to $110M, noting that the OECD had not included call-center revenue.
\nOmar Suleiman says the economic impact on the tourism industry alone is \u201cat least $1B.\u201d<\/p>\n

Saturday, February 5<\/strong>
\nAll SMS services restored.
\nTarek Kamel calls a meeting of call-center executives to try to assess the scale of losses. Vodafone, for instance, relocated hundreds of call-center jobs from Egypt to New Zealand during the prior week.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tweet<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

US-Au\u00dfenministerin Hillary Clinton hat gestern in einer\u00a0Rede an der George Washington University die Staaten der Welt dazu aufgefordert, die Freiheit im Netz zu respektieren. Sie nahm positiv Bezug auf die Rolle von Netzaktivisten bei den j\u00fcngsten Protesten in der arabischen Welt und verurteilte die staatlich angeordnete Abschaltung des Internet in \u00c4gypten. Ihr Pl\u00e4doyer f\u00fcr freien […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,40],"tags":[21,187,477],"class_list":["post-3053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sonstiges","category-zensur","tag-internet","tag-wikileaks","tag-zensur"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3053","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3053"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3053\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3056,"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3053\/revisions\/3056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.die-linke.de\/digitalelinke\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}